59:2

It is He Who drove the disbelievers from among the People of the Book (reference is to the Jewish tribe of Banu Al-Nadir) out of their homes at the first banishment. You did not think that they would ever go out; and they thought that their fortresses would defend them from Allah, but the wrath of Allah came to them from where they never expected – which casted such terror into their hearts – that they destroyed their homes by their own hands as well as by the hands of the believers. So learn a lesson from this example! O the people of insight.
Meaning:-
Banishment: to expel from place, to send (someone) away
Fortress: a military stronghold,
Wrath: extreme anger.

59:3

Had Allah not decreed exile for them, He would certainly have punished them in this world, and in the hereafter there shall be the punishment of the fire for them,
Meaning:-
Exile: a situation in which you are forced to leave your home.

59:4

That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger. And whoever opposes Allah – then indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.
Meaning:-
Oppose: be against, disagree with, take a stand against.

59:5

Whatever you have cut down of [their] palm trees or left standing on their trunks – it was by permission of Allah and so He would disgrace the defiantly disobedient.

59:6

And that which Allah gave as spoil unto His messenger from them, ye urged not any horse or riding-camel for the sake thereof, but Allah give th His messenger lordship over whom He will. Allah is Able to do all things.
Meaning:-
spoil: booty, loot, or plunder taken in war.

59:7

Whatever spoils from the dwellers of the township Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (Muhammad), shall belong to Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad), Messenger’S (Muhammad) relatives, and to the orphans, the needy and the travellers in need; so that it may not become the property of the rich among you. Whatever the Messenger (Muhammad) gives you, take it and from whatever he forbids you, refrain from it. Fear Allah; for Allah is stern in retribution.
Meaning:-
spoil: booty, loot, or plunder taken in war.
Dweller: to live or stay as a permanent resident; reside.
Bestow: an honor, right, or gift
Forbid: Prohibit, not allowed, banned.
Refrain: to avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something
Stern: unforgiving, firm, strict, or uncompromising
Retribution: punishment especially in the hereafter

59:8

A share of the spoils shall be given to the indigent Muhajirin (immigrants) who were driven out of their homes and their possessions, and are seeking Allah’s grace and His good pleasure and who want to help Allah and His Messenger: such are indeed the true believers.
Meaning:-
Spoil: booty, loot, or plunder taken in war.
Indigent: poor; needy.
Muhajirin (Arabic) : the emigrants.

59:9

A share of the spoils shall also be given to those who made their abode in Madinah (the Ansar) and believed even before the arrivals of the Muhajirin and love those who migrated to them and entertain no desire in their hearts for things given to them, and prefer those Muhajirin over themselves, even though they themselves are poor. In fact those who are saved from the greediness of hearts, are the ones who will achieve true success.
Meaning:-
Spoil: booty, loot, or plunder taken in war.
Abode: a place of residence; a house or home.
Migrate: To move from one country or region and settle in another.
Muhajirin (Arabic) : the emigrants.
Greediness: having or showing a selfish desire for wealth and possessions.

59:10

And those who came after them say: “Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who have preceded us in Faith, and put not in our hearts any hatred against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful.
Meaning:-
Precede: come before in order or position.

59:11

Have you (O Muhammad) not observed the hypocrites? They say to their fellow unbelievers among the people of the Book: “If they drive you out, we will go with you. We will never obey anyone who seeks to harm you. If you are attacked we will certainly help you.” Allah bears witness that they are lying.
Meaning:-
Hypocrite: a person who puts on a false appearance of virtue or religion.

59:12

If the People of the Book are driven out, they will never go with them, nor, if the people of the Book are attacked, will they help them, and even if they help them, they will turn their backs; leaving them with no help at all.

59:13

In their hearts there is greater dread of you than of Allah, because they are a people devoid of understanding.
Meaning:-
Dread: great fear, frightful.
Devoid: entirely lacking or free from.

59:14

They fight not against you even together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls. Their enmity among themselves is very great. You would think they were united, but their hearts are divided, that is because they are a people who understand not.
Meaning:-
Fortified: strengthen (a place) with defensive works so as to protect it against attack.
Enmity: bitterness, hatred.

59:15

Their example is like those who have tasted, a short while before them, the evil consequences of their deeds. They (in the Hereafter) shall have a painful punishment.

59:16

[The hypocrites are] like the example of Satan when he says to man, “Disbelieve.” But when he disbelieves, he says, “Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I fear Allah , Lord of the worlds.”
Meaning:-
Hypocrite: a person who puts on a false appearance of virtue or religion.

59:17

The end of both will be that they will be tossed in hell and remain there forever. Thus shall be the reward of the wrongdoers.
Meaning:-
wrongdoer: criminal, a person who behaves illegally, or dishonestly; an offender.

59:18

O you who have believed, fear Allah . And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow (Hereafter) – and fear Allah . Indeed, Allah is aware of all your actions.

59:21

If We had sent down this Qur’an upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and coming apart from fear of Allah . And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.

59:23

Allah is He, besides Whom there is no god, the King, the Holy, the Giver of peace, the Granter of security, the Guardian, the Almighty, the Irresistible, the Supreme: Glory be to Allah! He is far above the shirk they commit (by associating other gods with Him).
Meaning:-
Irresistible: too powerful or convincing to be resisted.

59:24

He is Allah , the Creator, the Inventor, the Fashioner; to Him belong the best names. Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Meaning:-
Exalted: placed at a high or powerful level; held in high regard.